| Canada 🇨🇦 | Germany 🇩🇪 | |
|---|---|---|
| Government Type | Parliamentary democracy, a federation, and a constitutional monarchy | Federal republic. |
| Capital City | Ottawa | Berlin. |
| Administrative Divisions | 10 provinces and 3 territories | 16 states. |
| Executive branch | Federal Ministry is chosen by the Prime Minister usually from among the members of his own party sitting in Parliament. | Bundesminister appointed by the president on the recommendation of the chancellor |
| Head of government | Former PM: Stephen Harper. PM: Justin Trudeau. | Former Chancellor: Angela Merkel Chancellor: Olaf Scholz |
| Chief/head of State | Her Majesty the Queen Elizabeth II | President: Frank-Walter Steinmeier. |
| Role of head of state | Ceremonial. | Ceremonial. |
| Executive legitimacy | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence | Ministry is subject to parliamentary confidence. The leader of the party with the most votes, however, in Germany is a coalition. So is the leader of the coalition, chosen by a majority vote of the Bundestag upon nomination by the president. |
| Legislative branch | Bicameral senate: The monarch, the Senate and House of Commons. | Bicameral legislature: Bundestag (Federal Parliament) and Bundersrat (Federal Council) |
| Party system | Multi-party system | Multi-party system. |
| Judicial branch | Supreme Court of Canada (judges are appointed by the governor general on the recommendation of the prime minister) Federal Court of Canada; Federal Court of Appeal; Tax Court of Canada; Provincial/Territorial Courts (these are named variously Court of Appeal, Court of Queen’s Bench, Superior Court, Supreme Court, and Court of Justice) | Federal Constitutional Court or Bundesverfassungsgericht. Half the judges are elected by the Bundestag and half by the Bundesrat Federal Court of Justice Federal Administrative Court |
| Legal system | Common law system, except in Quebec where civil law based on the French civil code prevails (bijural system). | Civil law. |
Political divisions of Canada and Germany
Prime Ministers of Canada and Germany(chancellor)
Justin Trudeau 🇨🇦 and Olaf Scholz 🇩🇪.
Head of State of Canada and Germany
King Charles III is head of State of both Canada 🇨🇦 and the UK 🇬🇧.
Although he does not make important decisions himself, he is consulted for approval when decisions are going to be made.
Political compass of political parties in Canada and Germany
The number of political parties in a government can show how power is distributed: if it is either concentrated or dispersed. Is important to have in mind that the number of political parties does not say accurately how strong a democracy is. Also, this political compass shows the current parties in the Parliament.
Canada (left) & Germany (right)
